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Property Ownership Laws
Who Can Own Real Property in the Philippines?
- Filipino citizens and Filipino-owned corporations (60% Filipino equity) may own land.
- Foreigners are generally prohibited from owning land but may own condominium units, provided foreign ownership in the project does not exceed 40%.
- Dual citizens who reacquired Philippine citizenship under RA 9225 may own land.
- Former natural-born Filipinos abroad may acquire up to 5,000 sqm of urban land or 3 hectares of rural land.
Types of Property Ownership
- Freehold/Fee Simple – Full and absolute ownership with the right to sell, lease, or transfer.
- Condominium Title (CCT) – Ownership of a unit within a registered condominium project.
- Transfer Certificate of Title (TCT) – Issued for land parcels transferred from one owner to another.
- Original Certificate of Title (OCT) – Issued for land first registered under the Torrens system.
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